When it comes to choosing mortar for your project, you come across type N and type S mortar. This is not just a technical decision, but it is a make-or-break point for your outdoor paving project. Your selected mortar mix will significantly impact the lifespan, stability, and appearance of your project. Each is designed for different levels of strength and exposure. Knowing the differences between Type N Vs Type S Mortar helps you build structures that endure. Continue reading to learn about the different types of mortar and choose the right one.
Type N vs Type S Mortar: Side-by-Side Comparison
The mortar type will determine how much weight the structure can hold, its weather resistance, and its flexibility over time. Modern construction classifies mortar by strength and flexibility. The Type N Mortar and Type S Mortar are the two most widely used, covering most residential and commercial projects. Choosing the correct masonry cement prevents cracks, water damage, and costly repairs. Take a look down below to learn about the difference between type N and type S:
| Feature | Type N Mortar | Type S Mortar |
| Compressive Strength | 750 PSI | 1,800 PSI |
| Application | Above grade (above ground level) | Above & below grade (both ground and underground) |
| Common Uses | • Exterior walls
• Brick chimneys • Stone veneer • General masonry |
• Structural masonry
• Foundation walls • Retaining walls • Paving |
| Mix Ratio (Portland: Lime: Sand) | 1: 1 6 | 1 : ½ : 4 ½ |
| Load-Bearing Suitability | Non-load-bearing | Load-bearing |
| Bond Strength | Moderate | Strong |
| Flexibility | Good flexibility (absorbs stress well) | Lower flexibility (stiffer, stronger bond) |
| Durability | Suitable for normal weather exposure | Withstands high wind, soil pressure, and below-grade conditions |
| Best For | • Non-structural walls
• Chimneys • Interior & exterior veneer • General masonry in moderate climates |
• Structural walls
• Foundations • Retaining walls • Driveways and paving exposed to heavy loads |
| Not Recommended For | • High-stress load-bearing applications | • Delicate restoration work
• Very soft brick or block |
| Longevity | Good lifespan when used in the correct applications | Longer lifespan under heavy loads and harsh conditions |
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What Is Type N Mortar
This is a medium-strength mortar with a compressive strength of about 750 psi. It uses a balanced ratio of portland cement, lime, and sand. Builders often prefer this mortar type for exterior and interior load-bearing walls in areas with a mild climate. It features:
- Strength: Moderate
- Flexibility: Good
- Best for: Above-grade walls, chimneys, facades, stone veneers
- Weather resistance: Handles normal conditions, not heavy freeze-thaw cycles
It features a perfect balance between strength and functionality. Type N is one of the most common choices for general masonry work. It offers a structure with a little more flexibility that prevents cracking due to soil shifting or mild settlement.
What Is A Type S Mortar?
This is a stronger mortar type with a compressive strength of around 1800 psi. It has more cement and less lime, which gives it a higher load-bearing capacity but less flexibility compared to type N mortar.
- Strength: High
- Flexibility: Lower than Type N
- Best for: Below-grade walls, retaining walls, driveways, foundations, patios
- Weather resistance: Withstands freeze-thaw cycles, wind, and soil pressure
Contractors use Type S when structures should resist heavy loads or contact with soil and moisture. It is the standard for retaining walls, walkways, and outdoor structures exposed to stress.
How to Choose the Right Mortar?
Selecting between Type N and Type S Mortars depends on the project’s strength and exposure requirements. If you are not sure about the right mortar type for your project, then here is how you can do it.
| Factor | Consideration |
| Project Location | Above-grade walls and facades work better with Type N. Below-grade foundations and retaining walls need Type S. |
| Load Requirements | Moderate loads are suited to Type N. Heavy loads or soil pressure require Type S. |
| Climate Conditions | Type N performs in mild weather. Type S withstands freeze-thaw cycles and harsh climates. |
| Flexibility Needs | Type N absorbs slight movements, reducing cracks. Type S is more rigid but stronger. |
| Workability | Type N spreads more easily and finishes smoothly. Type S is denser and harder to apply. |
| Cost vs Value | Type N is usually more cost-effective for general use. Type S costs more but prevents structural failure under stress. |
In simple words, type N Mortar is the choice for appearance and general performance, while type S Mortar is the choice for strength and endurance.
NT Pavers works closely with homeowners and contractors. This is why we recommend testing conditions before deciding. Soil pressure, freeze-thaw cycles, and load demands vary from site to site. Contacting a professional can guide you to the right mix, preventing future repair.
FAQs About Type N Vs Type S Mortar
Let’s answer your most frequently asked questions about type N and type S mortar.
Is Type N mortar good for a retaining wall?
No. Type N is not recommended for retaining walls as it cannot resist soil pressure and has lower compressive strength.
Is Type S mortar too strong for brickwork?
No. But it is less flexible and prone to cracking in certain above-grade applications.
What is the lifespan of mortar joints with Type N vs Type S?
With proper installation, Type N mortar joints last 20–30 years in normal conditions. Type S can last even longer, especially in foundations and retaining walls.
Can Type S mortar be used indoors?
Yes. But it may be harder to work indoors compared to N-type mortar.
Which mortar type is more cost-effective?
Type N is generally less costly and sufficient for many above-grade projects. Type S is slightly more expensive but cost-effective when structural strength is needed.
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Bottom Line
Mortar plays an important role in adding strength to any indoor and outdoor paving or wall, building, or structural project. Even though you know how to lay pavers but you may feel overwhelmed between type N vs type S mortar if you don’t know about them. If you are building above-grade walls, chimneys, facades, stone veneers, and projects needing balance and flexibility, then type N mortar should be your preference.
However, if your project is about retaining walls, foundations, driveways, paver installation, and harsh climates, where strength matters, then you should go for type S mortar. Choosing the right mortar assures you of structural strength and durability, such as for the paver base. This will determine how well a project can hold up. Also, using incorrect mortar will result in structural weakness, moisture damage, increased maintenance, and repairs. Make sure to consider your masonry project requirements for the best results.
If you are looking for the best paving option, then contact NT Pavers. We are offering a wide range of paving materials from natural stone to porcelain. Contact us now for more information.
