If you are looking for unique natural stone options, then you will surely have heard about sandstone. Knowing what sandstone is can help you make an informed decision about whether you should look for sandstone for your next project or not. The Sandstone is not just a building material, but it also acts as a record of natural history that has practical and aesthetic use in our everyday environments. Sandstone holds up. It withers time. But they can be both functional and beautiful for years if cared for properly. Continue reading the following for a better idea.
Key Takeaways
- Sandstone is a durable and sedimentary rock made of quartz.
- It forms over time through the compression of sand and minerals.
- The texture and sandstone color are different and are based on its mineral content and formation process.
- One of the most common types is the quartz sandstone.
- Sandstone is suitable for patios, walkways, walls, and architectural features.
How is Sandstone Formed?
If you want to know what is sandstone, then start with its origin. This natural stone is sedimentary, which forms when loose sand grains are buried and compacted for a long time. The main grains are composed of feldspar and composed of quartz or feldspar. The mineral deposit binds together when water moves through these layers.
This cementing process, called lithification, creates a solid mass of stone. The result depends on what minerals are present. If quartz dominates, the rock becomes quartz sandstone. They are popular for their strength and resistance to weathering.
Over time, the pressure of overlying layers compresses the sand. Natural cement, which is usually silica, calcite, or iron oxide, fills the spaces between the grains. This combination of pressure and cementation transforms loose sediment into solid stone. This is how the sandstone is formed.
What Are The Common Type Of Sandstone?
Not all the sandstones are the same. However, the most common type of pavers is Quartz sandstone. It has the highest quartz content, which can be over 90%. It is widely appreciated in construction for its durability and natural appearance.
Quartz is one of the hardest natural minerals. Sandstone, which has mostly quartz content, can withstand stress and erosion. They work better than sandstone with mixed mineral content. Quartz sandstone is often light-colored, such as whites, greys, and soft yellows. However, the overall tone can be different depending on impurities. You can find hints of red, pink, or brown.
This type of sandstone is commonly used in exterior paving, wall cladding, and even interior flooring where longevity and clean aesthetics are required.
Other types of sandstone include:
| Sandstone Type | Key Composition | Appearance | Durability | Common Uses |
| Quartz Sandstone | Over 90% quartz | Light-colored (white, grey, soft yellow); may have red or pink tones | Very high – resists weathering and erosion | Exterior paving, wall cladding, and interior flooring |
| Arkose Sandstone | High feldspar content (25%+) | Reddish or pinkish tones due to feldspar | Moderate – weathers faster than quartzite | Decorative walls, limited flooring, rustic exterior features |
| Greywacke | Mix of quartz, feldspar, rock fragments | Dark grey or greenish tones with a gritty texture | Moderate – less durable than pure quartz | Construction fill, historical architecture |
| Lithic Sandstone | High content of rock fragments | Dark colors, varied textures based on source rock | Moderate – less stable over time | Garden features, decorative cladding |
| Calcareous Sandstone | Contains calcite or calcium carbonate | Light tan to cream; can react with acid rain | Low to moderate – sensitive to erosion | Interior design, sheltered wall features |
| Ferruginous Sandstone | Rich in iron oxide | Rusty red to brown tones | High iron gives strength and weather resistance | Landscaping, wall panels, decorative stonework |
| Micaceous Sandstone | Contains mica flakes | Sparkly or shiny surfaces, often silver or golden flecks | Moderate – softer texture due to mica | Interior accents, low-traffic flooring, decorative features |
The Texture Of The Sandstone
The sandstone texture refers to the appearance and feel of the surface and grain structure. It impact on both how the sandstone looks and how it will perform.
There’s a range of grain sizes in sandstone. Surfaces with coarser textures tend to have more visible particles and feel rougher, while surfaces with finer textures are smoother.
Three main textures define sandstone:
Clastic:
It is made of fragments of pre-existing minerals and rocks.
Crystalline:
This is the texture type where minerals form interlocking grains.
Bioclastic:
This contains traces of shells or organic material.
Sandstone texture determines the grip of the stone. In other words, it offers slip resistance, ease of cutting, and how light will interact with the surface. If you want to use the sandstone for an outdoor project like paving, then opt for a rough texture for better traction. For walls and countertops, a honed or polished finish may be preferred.
Variations in Sandstone Color
Sandstone color depends on its mineral content and environmental conditions during formation. For instance, the iron oxide can give sandstone warm reds and browns. Calcite gives it look creamy or yellow hue. Silica often results in lighter tones like grey or white.
Some of the most common sandstone color options include:
- Beige and Cream are subtle and neutral. They are ideal for blending with natural landscapes.
- Grey is contemporary and minimal. It is often used in modern architecture.
- Red and Pink look warm and bold. It is common in iron-rich sandstone.
- Brown and Buff look earthy and natural. It is suited for rustic or traditional designs.
Sandstone color variation can occur even within a single slab, which adds visual interest. At NT Pavers, we see that many clients are attracted to these natural color fluctuations. They give sandstone its distinct character, unlike manufactured materials.
The Application Of Sandstone
Due to the unique sandstone color, it can be used in a variety of indoor and outdoor projects. The durable options like quartz and sandstone offer better functionality and visual appeal. Here is how you can use sandstone pavers for a variety of residential, commercial, and landscape projects.
| Application Area | Benefits of Using Sandstone |
| Patios and Walkways | Firm, non-slip surface with natural charm |
| Retaining Walls and Cladding | Strong structural support that blends into outdoor environments |
| Interior Flooring and Wall Features | Smooth finish adds indoor texture without overwhelming the space |
| Pool Surrounds | Natural grip and heat resistance make it ideal for pool decks |
| Garden Features and Steps | Weather-resistant with safe, sturdy footing that ages beautifully |
Pros and Cons of Sandstone
Here’s a table presenting the pros and cons of sandstone in a clear and reader-friendly format:
| Pros of Sandstone | Cons of Sandstone |
| Natural appearance | Requires sealing in some environments |
| High workability (easy to cut and shape) | May stain if unsealed and exposed to oils |
| Non-slip texture | It can erode over time in harsh acid rain |
| Wide color and texture variety | |
| Weather resistance (especially quartz sandstone) |
How to Choose Quality Sandstone
While sandstone is durable in most situations, it is important to select the right type of sandstone for the best results. Consider the following factors when selecting sandstone.
1. Composition
Look for a high quartz content if durability is your priority. The quartz sandstone is better than the stone with excessive clay or silt. They can weaken the structure.
2. Consistency
Natural variation is expected, but extreme differences in grain size or density within one batch may result in uneven wear.
3. Source
Not all quarries produce the same quality. Ask for sourcing details. Reputable vendors, like NT Pavers, provide origin data and quality tests so you will have a better idea regarding how the stone was sourced.
4. Finish Options
Sandstone can be sawn, split, honed, or polished. Match the finish to the function. A rougher finish offers better traction, and a smoother finish offers good looks.
Final Thoughts
Sandstone is undoubtedly one of the most adaptable and lasting natural stones. The unique sandstone color and appearance create a depth that is hard to replicate by synthetic material. And with varieties like quartz sandstone, it meets the demands of modern performance standards.
Whether you’re designing a tranquil backyard or selecting cladding for a commercial façade, sandstone has the qualities you need—strength, stability, and a timeless look.
Choose your sandstone with care. Understand the origin, composition, and application. And always work with sandstone pavers supplier who treats natural stone with the respect it deserves.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is sandstone good for outdoor use?
Yes. The quartz sandstone is a particularly great choice that withstands weathering, moisture, and wear.
What is the most durable type of sandstone?
Quartz sandstone is the most durable sandstone type that offers longevity.
Can sandstone be used around a pool?
Yes. The natural sandstone texture offers a grippy surface. This makes it suitable, but sealing helps resist water and pool chemicals.
How often should I seal sandstone?
In high-use areas, sealing once every 1–2 years is typical. Indoors, it may last longer.
What makes sandstone colors vary?
Minerals like iron oxide and calcite affect color. Environmental conditions during formation also play a role.
